Research reference
SS-31
$75.99In stock
Research peptide
Research profile
Classification
Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH₂; elamipretide)
Mechanism of action
Aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane independent of membrane potential and binds cardiolipin. Cardiolipin association stabilizes cristae architecture and the cytochrome c–cardiolipin complex, preserving electron transport efficiency while suppressing peroxidase activity and mitochondrial ROS generation.
Investigated research applications
- Cardiolipin binding and cristae ultrastructure studies (electron microscopy)
- Mitochondrial respiration, ATP synthesis and ROS production assays
- Ischemia–reperfusion injury and mitochondrial permeability transition models
- Age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and myopathy research
Commonly reported assay endpoints
Oxygen consumption rate (OCR)Mitochondrial H₂O₂ productionATP synthesis rateCristae density
For laboratory research use only. Not a drug, food or cosmetic. Not for human or veterinary diagnostic or therapeutic use.